Sohae Satellite Launch Facility (Tongchang-ri)

Sohae Satellite Launch Facility (Tongchang-ri) is North Korea's primary space launch and ICBM test infrastructure complex on the country's northwest coast. Originally constructed from 2010, the facility has undergone its most significant structural expansion since 2021 — including a new large rocket engine test stand, an enlarged rocket assembly building assessed as accommodating larger multi-stage vehicles, and expanded liquid propellant storage. In November 2023, Kim Jong Un inaugurated the facility's upgraded infrastructure. The facility has supported all major DPRK space launch vehicle (SLV) operations and multiple ICBM liquid-fuel engine test campaigns. 38 North and CSIS open-source imagery analysis documents the facility's chronological expansion in considerable detail.